Ratio and rate

A ratio compares two amounts of the same kind of thing, like flour to sugar in a recipe. A rate compares two different kinds of things, like distance and time, or price and quantity. You scale a ratio up or down by multiplying or dividing both sides by the same number — this is what lets you resize a recipe, split a bill fairly, or compare prices at the shop.

Key terms

Ratio:

A comparison of two quantities of the same kind.

Rate:

A comparison of two quantities in different units.

Questions

1. 1. A recipe needs 2 cups flour for every 1 cup sugar. If you use 4 cups flour, how much sugar (cups)?

   • 1
   • 2
   • 3
   • 4

2. 2. Simplify the ratio 2:4

   • 1:2
   • 1:4
   • 2:1
   • 4:2

3. 3. A car uses 1 litre of fuel to travel 10km. How far can it travel on 3 litres?

   • 10km
   • 20km
   • 30km
   • 40km

4. 4. You share 10 lollies between 2 friends equally. How many does each get?

   • 2
   • 4
   • 5
   • 6

5. 5. Simplify the ratio 3:6

   • 1:2
   • 1:3
   • 2:3
   • 3:2

6. 6. A drink recipe uses 1 part cordial to 4 parts water. If you use 2 cups cordial, how many cups of water?

   • 2
   • 4
   • 6
   • 8

7. 7. A car travels 60km in 1 hour. What is its speed?

   • 30 km/h
   • 60 km/h
   • 90 km/h
   • 120 km/h

8. 8. A recipe needs flour and sugar in a ratio of 2:1. If you use 300g flour, how much sugar (g)?

   • 100g
   • 150g
   • 200g
   • 300g

9. 9. Simplify the ratio 10:15

   • 2:3
   • 5:10
   • 1:2
   • 3:2

10. 10. A car travels 120 km in 2 hours. Its rate is:

    • 240 km/h
    • 60 km/h
    • 120 km/h
    • 2 km/h

11. 11. A recipe serves 4 people using 200g rice. How much rice (g) do you need for 6 people?

    • 250g
    • 300g
    • 350g
    • 400g

12. 12. Simplify the ratio 6:9

    • 2:3
    • 3:2
    • 1:3
    • Cannot be simplified

13. 13. Petrol costs $1.50 per litre. How much for 20 litres?

    • $20
    • $25
    • $30
    • $35

14. 14. A paint mix needs red and blue in a ratio of 3:2. If you use 6L red, how much blue (L)?

    • 2L
    • 3L
    • 4L
    • 6L

15. 15. A recipe for 4 people uses 500g pasta. How much pasta (g) do you need for 10 people?

    • 1000g
    • 1100g
    • 1200g
    • 1250g

16. 16. A car uses 8L of fuel to travel 100km. How many litres does it need for a 350km trip?

    • 24L
    • 28L
    • 32L
    • 36L

17. 17. Two friends share a $240 prize in a ratio of 3:5. How much does the person with the bigger share get?

    • $90
    • $120
    • $150
    • $180

18. 18. A speed of 15 m/s is equivalent to how many km/h?

    • 36 km/h
    • 45 km/h
    • 54 km/h
    • 60 km/h

19. 19. A concrete mix needs cement, sand and gravel in a ratio of 1:2:3. If you have 12kg of gravel, how much cement (kg)?

    • 2kg
    • 3kg
    • 4kg
    • 6kg

20. 20. You earn $18 an hour. Overtime pays time-and-a-half. What is your overtime hourly rate?

    • $21
    • $24
    • $27
    • $30

21. 21. A 500g bag of trail mix has nuts and dried fruit in a ratio of 3:2. How many grams are nuts?

    • 200g
    • 250g
    • 300g
    • 350g